Ritual Skull Mask

Tibet or Nepal

19th century

Gilt bronze with polychrome painting and gilding

Partly encrusted red and black patina

H24xW26xD6cm

Private collection from Switzerland

This striking mask depicts a skull face with high cheek bones and gaping eyes, his mouth is formed in a grimace. It is surrounded by flames or energetic curls, serving as a powerful symbol in Tantric Buddhism. Such masks were used during Chöd ceremonies and ritual dances to emphasize the impermanence of life and to overcome ego-based illusions. The ornate flame or swirl motifs surrounding the head signify spiritual power or transformation.

They are used in rituals symbolizing the transition to wisdom and are often found as part of the attributes of tantric guardian deities such as Mahakala, Yama or Citipati, aimed at dispelling demons or providing protection.

The skull represents transformation, the triumph over death, and the illusion of the ego.

It is gilded and partially polychromed with traces of red and black pigments still visible, and the reverse side shows a dark patina, characteristic of ritual objects that have seen prolonged use. The gilded finish and red accents enhance the sacred power of the object.

Chöd practice is an esoteric tantric discipline within Tibetan Buddhism, aimed at radically cutting through the ego and attachment. It is one of the most fascinating, mystical, and symbolically rich rituals in Vajrayāna Buddhism.